Cataracts

This form of cataract is common in patients with a history of trauma, recurrent uveitis, steroid use, or patients with Type II Diabetes. They manifest in the outermost layer of cells called the lens capsule, and often develop in the posterior portion, though they occur in both the anterior and posterior capsule.

Cortical cataracts take shape on the outside edge of your lens, called the cortex. 

Nuclear Cataracts typically develop as a result of living a long life, though some are prone to earlier development due to genetics. Nuclear Cataracts are discoloration/deformation of the central portion of the lens structure, often appearing yellow-green, though advanced forms (called brunescent) are dark brown in color. Most patients will develop this form of cataract in their 50s though they do not become clinically significant until their 60s or later. They can occur sooner in smokers, patients with Type II Diabetes, or with high levels of UV exposure (sun, tanning beds, welding).

Anterior and posterior polar cataracts develop within the forward and rear 1/3 of the lens structure and are often genetic defects. Most develop early, often present at birth. Most patients with this form of cataract are not visually affected by them, and live full lives without a need for intervention.

Congenital cataracts are cataracts that you are born with or that form when you are a child. Some are linked to your genes, and others are due to illness. 

Lamellar or zonular cataracts are usually present in children, they are often an inherited/genetic defect.

Polychromatic Cataracts are called polychromatic because they appear multi-colored when viewed under high magnification.  They resemble colored lights on a Christmas tree. They are located in the cortical portion of the lens. They are rare and can be associated with a condition called Myotonic Dystrophy.